- 01/10/2008
- Posted by: admin
- Category: Dr. Sadık BADAK
SADIK BADAK
OCTOBER – 2008
INTRODUCTION
working draft on the merits of using the time zone meridian in Turkey, which is essential to our country’s meridian time zone used during the summer period of seven months (45 ° east meridian passing through Dogubeyazit) recommends the use for 12 months.
In our study, there are advantages and reasons that can be obtained by using 45 ° east meridian for 12 months mainly in the time zone (clocks will not be taken forward and backward during the year).
HOUR BASİS MERİDİANS İN THE WORLD AND TURKEY
Generally, countries regulate their clocks based on the meridian in the eastern part of the country according to their geography in order to benefit from sunlight more and save energy. Greece, Bulgaria and Spain are the most concrete examples of this. Three different time zones are used in Europe in winter (five months) and four in summer (seven months). Almost all of Western Europe uses the time zone known as UTC + 1. Eastern European Countries such as Greece, Bulgaria and Finland use UTC + 2 time zone. The Eastern European countries are based on the 30 ° east meridian passing through Izmit. In summer time, they use the 45 ° east meridian passing over Doğu Beyazıt. Geographically located in the east much more Eastern European countries use the same meridian with countries geographically located west of Turkey. For our country, this situation is in great contradiction with the principle of using the meridian passing through the east of the country in order to provide energy efficiency with the benefit of daylight mentioned above. With the determination of the 45 ° east meridian passing over East Beyazıt as the main time zone instead of the 30 ° east meridian passing through the east of İzmit, which is still based on the time zone, there will be a difference of 1 hour between Paris and 2 hours between Turkey and Athens. There are 7 hours in the US and 11 hours in Russia. When we look at the countries of the world, countries determine their basic clocks according to the time zone in which they can make the most use of sunlight. For example, France considers the meridian passing through Kütahya in summer and passing through Switzerland in winter.
MERIDIANS AND TIME SLICES USED IN EUROPE
The meridians and time zones used in the vicinity of our country and some of the countries using these time zones are shown below.
CURRENT STATE
The current time zone in our country is UTC + 2. Izmit, east of the meridian 30 ° east of time is considered essential for Turkey. In daylight saving time, UTC + 3 is used. UTC + 3 is the 45 ° east meridian passing over Doğubeyazıt. Daylight saving time means; It is a seven-month practice that starts on the last Sunday of March and ends on the last Sunday of October. It is recommended that this practice will continue in our country in the winter period (five months).
Due to the fact that 30 ° east meridian is used in the application of winter time in our country, daylight is not used sufficiently in the morning, the weather darkens very early in all provinces, electricity usage for commercial and civil lighting increases, production and trade decreases and this situation affects the investment and operation efficiency of enterprises negatively. The negative effects of this practice are more felt in our provinces in the east of Ankara. The early darkening of the weather for five months, especially in our industrialized provinces, puts our employees into traffic congestion in the dark at the end of working hours, increases social and psychological adversities and leads to a negative impact on domestic trade.
PROJECTED SYSTEM
The time zone in Turkey is based on the use of the 45 ° east meridian passing over Doğubeyazıt as the main time zone instead of the 30 ° east meridian passing through the east of İzmit. In other words; The meridian, which is taken as the basis in summer time, is continued to be taken as the basis in the winter of five months.
In our country, there is a difference between the time of day and the working hours in the time zone, especially in winter. For example, the average sunrise in December is around 06:30 and the sunset is around 16:00. When working hours are taken into consideration, the sun sets at 16:00 and there is a significant loss of energy in workplaces and social life.
The sun sets will be around 17:00 as one hour will be gained in the proposed system. With this application, the energy savings that can be achieved in five months will reach 100 million USD. When summer time is applied, the sun sets in Istanbul around 20:40 in May, while the sun sets in Paris around 21:40. This shows that we cannot use daylight saving time effectively compared to other European countries.
EVALUATİON OF THE PREDİCTED SYSTEM İN TERMS OF ECONOMY
- According to the statements of the Ministry of Energy; With the summer time application in our country, a saving of 132 million USD is achieved in a seven-month period. With this project, the savings will be continued in the remaining five months of the year.
- With the new system, if the meridian to be used mainly for the time zone has a 45 ° east meridian passing over Doğubeyazit, an additional saving of 100 million USD is foreseen. This figure is the cost of approximately 5 medium-sized power plants.
SYSTEM FORESEEN İN TERMS OF FOREİGN TRADE
Our country has commercial relations with almost all 195 countries of the world. Our foreign trade volume in 2008 is around 330 billion USD. When we look at the period of 1999 – 2008, the share of EU countries in our imports, which constitute the important weight of our foreign trade, is decreasing, whereas imports from Far East countries have increased. In the same period, the share of EU countries in our exports is decreasing again, but there is a significant increase in our exports to Russia and especially to Asian countries. Within 10 years, the regional change in our foreign trade is 15-25%. Recent developments in the world of technology show that this change in market structure will continue to stabilize within 15 years. In the tables below, the changes in the exports and imports of our country by regions are also clearly seen.
PROJECTED SYSTEM İN TERMS OF SOCİAL LİFE
Our citizens will use sunlight more than one hour in summer and winter. This situation is in accordance with the concept of light conservation which has developed in the world in recent years. Particularly in winter, workers in big cities fill roads in the dark, and the public faces traffic problems. In addition, employees will gain time for rest and shopping with their families. With the application, the society will affect the motivation positively and thus the productivity will increase.
AS A RESULT;
Today, as the country where energy and light become so valuable, and binding decisions on energy saving and climate change have been made with the Kyoto agreement, we have an important opportunity. According to the experience gained from the application for many years, the savings provided by using 45 ° ladder will provide more energy saving to our country with the envisaged system.
It is important for the national interests of our country that the clocks are arranged in such a way that we will make the most of the sun by taking into consideration our relations with the whole world in our country, as developed countries do.